/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Source Serif Pro', serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #374151;
    background-color: #fafafa;
}

/* Typography */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.2;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

h1 { font-size: 3.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 2.5rem; }
h3 { font-size: 2rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.5rem; }

p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.lead-text {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: #1f2937;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

/* Layout */
.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.section {
    padding: 5rem 0;
    position: relative;
}

.section.alt-bg {
    background-color: #f8fafc;
}

.section-title {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    color: #1a2332;
    position: relative;
}

.section-title::after {
    content: '';
    display: block;
    width: 80px;
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #3b82f6, #8b5cf6);
    margin: 1rem auto;
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.section-intro {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    text-align: center;
    color: #6b7280;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    max-width: 800px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.95);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    z-index: 1000;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 1rem 2rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.nav-brand {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    color: white;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.nav-link {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-link:hover {
    color: #3b82f6;
}

.progress-bar {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #3b82f6, #8b5cf6);
    transition: width 0.3s ease;
    width: 0%;
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    position: relative;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a2332 0%, #2d3748 100%);
    color: white;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-background {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    opacity: 0.1;
}

.network-animation {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background-image: 
        radial-gradient(circle at 20% 20%, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.3) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 40% 60%, rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.2) 0%, transparent 50%);
    animation: networkPulse 6s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes networkPulse {
    0%, 100% { opacity: 0.1; }
    50% { opacity: 0.3; }
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    max-width: 800px;
    padding: 0 2rem;
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 4rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff, #e2e8f0);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    background-clip: text;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #e2e8f0;
}

.hero-meta {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

.author, .year {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.cta-button {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3b82f6, #8b5cf6);
    color: white;
    border: none;
    padding: 1rem 2rem;
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    border-radius: 50px;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

.cta-button:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.3);
}

/* Abstract Section */
.abstract-content {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.key-insight {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f9ff, #e0f2fe);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
}

.key-insight h3 {
    color: #1e40af;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.two-column {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.column h4 {
    color: #1a2332;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.problem-item {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.problem-number {
    background: #ef4444;
    color: white;
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 600;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

.vision-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.vision-list li {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.vision-tag {
    background: #8b5cf6;
    color: white;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

.conclusion-highlight {
    background: #1a2332;
    color: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    text-align: center;
}

.conclusion-highlight blockquote {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    font-style: italic;
    margin: 0;
}

/* Introduction Section */
.intro-content {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.intro-lead {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.intro-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.intro-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.intro-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.intro-card h4 {
    color: #3b82f6;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.methodology {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border-left: 4px solid #8b5cf6;
}

.methodology h4 {
    color: #8b5cf6;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Paradox Section */
.paradox-intro {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.concept-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.concept-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    position: relative;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.concept-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.concept-card h4 {
    color: #1a2332;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.citation-ref {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 1rem;
    right: 1rem;
    background: #e0f2fe;
    color: #0369a1;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.citation-ref:hover {
    background: #0369a1;
    color: white;
}

.case-study {
    background: #fef3c7;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b;
}

.case-study h3 {
    color: #92400e;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.case-study-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.case-study-insight {
    background: #fed7aa;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border-left: 3px solid #ea580c;
}

.tension-highlight {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.tension-highlight h3 {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    color: #1a2332;
}

.tension-diagram {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.tension-side {
    background: #f8fafc;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.tension-side h4 {
    color: #3b82f6;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.tension-side ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.tension-side li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    position: relative;
}

.tension-side li::before {
    content: '•';
    color: #3b82f6;
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
}

.tension-vs {
    background: #ef4444;
    color: white;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    text-align: center;
    min-width: 60px;
    height: 60px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* Critical Lens Section */
.critical-analysis {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto 3rem;
}

.analysis-section {
    background: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border-left: 4px solid #8b5cf6;
}

.analysis-section h3 {
    color: #8b5cf6;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.analysis-content {
    position: relative;
}

.four-rs {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0fdf4, #ecfdf5);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border-left: 4px solid #10b981;
}

.four-rs h3 {
    color: #059669;
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.four-rs-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.r-card {
    background: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    text-align: center;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.r-card h4 {
    color: #059669;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.four-rs-insight {
    background: #d1fae5;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border-left: 3px solid #10b981;
}

/* Citations Section */
.citations-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(400px, 1fr));
    gap: 1.5rem;
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.citation-item {
    background: white;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.citation-item:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

.citation-authors {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1a2332;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.citation-description {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: #6b7280;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: #1a2332;
    color: white;
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.footer-content {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.footer-main h3 {
    color: #3b82f6;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-main p {
    color: #cbd5e1;
    margin: 0;
}

.footer-meta p {
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* Back to Top Button */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    bottom: 2rem;
    right: 2rem;
    background: #3b82f6;
    color: white;
    border: none;
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.back-to-top.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
    background: #2563eb;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .container {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    .hero-meta {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.5rem;
    }
    
    .nav-menu {
        display: none;
    }
    
    .two-column {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
    
    .tension-diagram {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 1rem;
    }
    
    .tension-vs {
        justify-self: center;
    }
    
    .case-study-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .footer-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
    
    .citations-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .concept-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    
    .four-rs-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    .section {
        padding: 3rem 0;
    }
    
    .four-rs-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* Smooth Animations */
.section {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
    transition: all 0.6s ease;
}

.section.visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Citation Highlight Effect */
.citation-item.highlighted {
    background: #fef3c7;
    border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b;
    transform: scale(1.02);
}

/* Loading Animation */
@keyframes fadeInUp {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(30px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.fade-in-up {
    animation: fadeInUp 0.6s ease forwards;
}



/* Four Visions Section */
#four-visions {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f8fafc 0%, #e2e8f0 100%);
}

.visions-intro {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.visions-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.vision-card {
    background: white;
    border-radius: 20px;
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-top: 5px solid;
}

.vision-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-10px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.local-vision {
    border-top-color: #10b981;
}

.individual-vision {
    border-top-color: #3b82f6;
}

.cultural-vision {
    border-top-color: #8b5cf6;
}

.state-vision {
    border-top-color: #f59e0b;
}

.vision-header {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.vision-tag {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.vision-tag.local {
    background: #d1fae5;
    color: #065f46;
}

.vision-tag.individual {
    background: #dbeafe;
    color: #1e40af;
}

.vision-tag.cultural {
    background: #e9d5ff;
    color: #6b21a8;
}

.vision-tag.state {
    background: #fef3c7;
    color: #92400e;
}

.vision-header h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: #1a202c;
}

.vision-subtitle {
    color: #718096;
    font-style: italic;
    margin: 0;
}

.vision-content h4 {
    color: #2d3748;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.vision-content h4:first-child {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.vision-features ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.vision-features li {
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    position: relative;
    color: #4a5568;
    line-height: 1.5;
}

.vision-features li::before {
    content: "→";
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    color: #3182ce;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.vision-assessment {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    padding-top: 1.5rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.strengths, .risks {
    margin: 0.8rem 0;
    padding: 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.strengths {
    background: #f0fff4;
    border-left: 4px solid #10b981;
}

.risks {
    background: #fffbf0;
    border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b;
}

/* Visions Comparison */
.visions-comparison {
    background: white;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-top: 3rem;
}

.visions-comparison h3 {
    text-align: center;
    color: #1a202c;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.comparison-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.comparison-aspect h4 {
    color: #2d3748;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.comparison-items {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.8rem;
}

.comparison-item {
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.comparison-item.local {
    background: #d1fae5;
    border-left: 4px solid #10b981;
}

.comparison-item.individual {
    background: #dbeafe;
    border-left: 4px solid #3b82f6;
}

.comparison-item.cultural {
    background: #e9d5ff;
    border-left: 4px solid #8b5cf6;
}

.comparison-item.state {
    background: #fef3c7;
    border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b;
}

.item-label {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #1a202c;
}

.trilemma-insight {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
    color: white;
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 15px;
    text-align: center;
}

.trilemma-insight h4 {
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.trilemma-insight p {
    line-height: 1.7;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}
/* --- ADD THESE STYLES TO YOUR CSS FILE --- */

/* Style for the active navigation link (moved from JS) */
.nav-link.active {
    color: #3b82f6 !important;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* Style for the navbar when the page is scrolled */
.navbar.scrolled {
    background: rgba(26, 35, 50, 0.98);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* A subtle fade-in for the whole page on load */
body {
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

body {
    opacity: 1;
}

.hero-content {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(20px);
    transition: opacity 0.8s ease 0.2s, transform 0.8s ease 0.2s;
}

body .hero-content {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
}